ArtsAutosBooksBusinessEducationEntertainmentFamilyFashionFoodGamesGenderHealthHolidaysHomeHubPagesPersonal FinancePetsPoliticsReligionSportsTechnologyTravel

Fun Facts of The Year 1948

Updated on August 13, 2013

This Is Were I Came In!

Every human being on this planet starts somewhere. My life began in October of 1948. It was the Mid-Term of Presidency for Harry Truman. . .the rest is history. So, for those of us born around that time some clarity will tickle you. Others, may want to skip this lens, not wanting anyone to know you lived through this much history. I get a good laugh at that, not being one who even cares about age. Take it from me, youth is an overrated and overused word. The "real celebrities" are those who weather time, challenges, losses and still find things to celebrate every year. Sure, there are infinite possibilities to ruminate about, with finances and health issues looming.

I promise you, taking this walk will bring memories that will stir many emotions. Hang in there, buddy, it all gets better. Remember, there is a silver lining to every cloud. Actually, the silver is creeping up around the edges of my hair, right now. Let's get going!

1948 A Leap Year

Leap year started around the time of Julius Ceasar, in 45 B.C. This was called the Julian Calendar and was 12 months, 365 days with an extra day every 4th year. His mathematicians must have had fun playing with numbers, because they over-calculated by .0078 days

(11 minutes 14 seconds).

That tiny span caused the vernal equinox to fall around March 11 instead of March 21.

This was now the 16th Century when Pope Gregory XIII changed the calendar, moved the date by 11 days and instituted a rule to include Leap Years. There is a leap year every 4 years.

A Century year will only be a Leap Year if it is divisible by 400. Bet you didn't know that! This calendar was deemed the Gregorian Calendar. More than 3,000 years will go by before a day is gained. Now, that's some fancy math, right?

Historic Fact of 1948

The Arab-Israeli War

The climate of the Middle East remains as if in a tinderbox. There have been no winners after 63 years.

Your spin is as good as mine. There are probably, thousands of links to give food for fodder to this subject.

The fact of the matter is, the Establishment of the State of Israel (May 14, 1948). Unrest, on both sides continues.

Books For Review

Finding information online is ok. Having a book on the subject will get more information in your hands and head.

Arab-Israeli War - Documentary

Finding out more information, in type, about the war. Going to articles and magazines covering the incidents.

"Mahatma" Mohandas Gandhi (1869-1948)

Great Soul

Known as "Mahatma" (great soul) this peaceful giant, turned attorney, turned civil rights activist, turned prisoner became a representative of the National Congress in India. Resigned that post after, several more fasts.

His fasting for the unity of India in 1945, nearly killed him. Many more events of interest occurred and the links, provided will take you through a timeline journey through this whirlwind life of an enigma.

On January 30, 1948, a fanatic assassinated Gandhi as he went on his way to evening prayer ground at Birla House, Delhi. Unarmed and unafraid, the Great Soul laid down his life with a legacy of Love and and example of non-violence.

Gandhi Says

Non-violence is the first article of my faith. It is also the last article of my creed. M. Gandhi

Historic Capture - Used Books

Find more information within the pages of a book. Save some cash by buying used.

Movies That I Love - 1948 Was A Very Good Year

Some of the movies, not all of the movies that were showing in 1948. Recognizing titles may jog a memory or two. Just for fun, try to think of what each movie was all about. Then look them up, by name or character actor to get a full description. You didn't expect me to give a synopsis in this small space, did you?

Try renting or buying them. This will be lots of fun and a walk down memory lane.

  1. Johnny Belinda

    Drama

    Jane Wyman and Lou Ayres

  2. Unfaithfully Yours

    Comedy

    Rex Harrison and Linda Darnell

  3. The Naked City

    Drama, Crime, Mystery, Film Noir

    Barry Fitzgerald and Howard Duff

  4. Easter Parade

    Musical,Romance

    Judy Garland and Fred Astair

  5. Snake Pit

    Drama

    Olivia DeHaviland and Mark Stevens

  6. The Three Musketeers

    Action,Adventure,Drama,Romance

    Lana Turner and Gene Kelly

  7. The Red Shoes

    Drama,Romance,Music

    Victoria Page

  8. The Treasure of Sierra Madre

    Action,Adventure,Drama,Western

    Bruce Benet and Tim Holt

  9. Red River

    Action,Adventure,Western

    John Wayne and Montgomery Cliff

  10. Hamlet

    Drama,Thriller

    Edmond Knight and Anthony Quayle

  11. The Fallen Idol

    Drama,Thriller

    Ralph Richardson and Gerard Heinz

  12. Bud Abbott Lou Costello Meet Frankenstein

    Horror,Sci-Fi,Comedy

    Bud Abbott and Lou Costello

  13. 3 Godfathers

    Drama,Western

    John Wayne and Pedro Armendariz

  14. Key Largo

    Drama,Thriller,Crime,Film Noir

    Humphrey Bogart and Edward G. Robinson

  15. Oliver Twist

    Adventure,Drama,Crime

    Robert Newton and Alec Guinness

  16. Call Northside 777

    Drama,Crime,Film Noir

    James Stewart and Richard Conte

  17. Macbeth

    Drama

    Orson Wells and Jeannette Nolan

  18. Pecos Bill

    Western,Animated,Short

    Roy Rogers and Bob Nolan

  19. Sorry, Wrong Number

    Drama,Thriller,Film Noir

    Barbary Stanwyck and Burt Lancaster

  20. Words And Music

    Biography,Comedy,Music

    June Allison and Perry Como

  21. Command Decision

    Drama,War

    Clark Gable and Walter Pigeon

  22. June Bride

    Comedy

    Bette Davis and Fay Bainter

  23. Boy With The Green Hair

    Drama,Family

    Pat O'Brien and Robert Ryan

  24. London Belongs To Me

    Drama

    Richard Attenborough and Alastair Sim

  25. Fury At Furnace Creek

    Western

    Victor Mature and Colleen Gray

  26. Road House

    Drama,Film Noir

    Ida Lupino and Cornel Wilde

  27. Iron Curtain

    Thriller,Biography

    Dana Andrews and Gene Tierney

  28. Ladies Of The Chorus

    Musical

    Adele Jergens and Marilyn Monroe

  29. If You Knew Susie

    Comedy

    Eddie Cantor and Joan Davis

Vintage Movies - Spell It Out

Try your hand at finding that movie that once held your attention. You know you want to laugh, cry or be thrilled. Singing along with your long-lost songs which people forgot to include in this generation of moviegoers. See the actors at their best and youngest builds. Some, before they were even famous.

Inside the Search box, type the name of the movie you are looking for. Let Amazon find it for you. The prices will be reasonable. These are the treasures we look for. Of course they are!

Vintage Movie Posters - Set 1 from wikipedia.org

Click thumbnail to view full-size
Three GodfathersDrama, WesternJohn Wayne and Pedro ArmendarizAbbott and Costello Meet FrankensteinHorror,Sci-Fi, ComedyBud Abbott and Lou CostelloCall Northside 777Drama,Crime,Film NoirJames Stewart and Richard ConteEaster ParadeMudical,RomanceJudy Garland and Fred AstairThe Iron CurtainThriller,BiographyDana Andrews and Gene Tierney
Three GodfathersDrama, WesternJohn Wayne and Pedro Armendariz
Three Godfathers Drama, Western John Wayne and Pedro Armendariz
Abbott and Costello Meet FrankensteinHorror,Sci-Fi, ComedyBud Abbott and Lou Costello
Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein Horror,Sci-Fi, Comedy Bud Abbott and Lou Costello
Call Northside 777Drama,Crime,Film NoirJames Stewart and Richard Conte
Call Northside 777 Drama,Crime,Film Noir James Stewart and Richard Conte
Easter ParadeMudical,RomanceJudy Garland and Fred Astair
Easter Parade Mudical,Romance Judy Garland and Fred Astair
The Iron CurtainThriller,BiographyDana Andrews and Gene Tierney
The Iron Curtain Thriller,Biography Dana Andrews and Gene Tierney

Vintage Movie Posters - Set 2 from wikipedia.org

Click thumbnail to view full-size
MacbethDrama,Orson Wells and Jeannette NolanJohnny BelindaDramaJane Wyman and Lou AyersKey LargoDrama,Thriller,Crime,Film NoirHumphrey Bogart and Edward G. RobinsonLondon Belongs To MeDramaRichard Attenborough and Alastair SimThe Naked CityDrama,Crime,Mystery,Film NoirBarry Fitzgerald and Howard DuffOliver TwistAdventure,Drama,CrimeRobert Newton and Alec GuinnessRed RiverAction,Adventure,WesternJohn Wayne and Montgomery CliffThe Red ShoesDrama,Romance,MusicVictoria PageThe Snake PitDramaOlivia DeHaviland and Mark StevensSorry, Wrong NumberDrama,Thriller,Film NoirBarbara Stanwyck and Burt Lancaster
MacbethDrama,Orson Wells and Jeannette Nolan
Macbeth Drama, Orson Wells and Jeannette Nolan
Johnny BelindaDramaJane Wyman and Lou Ayers
Johnny Belinda Drama Jane Wyman and Lou Ayers
Key LargoDrama,Thriller,Crime,Film NoirHumphrey Bogart and Edward G. Robinson
Key Largo Drama,Thriller,Crime,Film Noir Humphrey Bogart and Edward G. Robinson
London Belongs To MeDramaRichard Attenborough and Alastair Sim
London Belongs To Me Drama Richard Attenborough and Alastair Sim
The Naked CityDrama,Crime,Mystery,Film NoirBarry Fitzgerald and Howard Duff
The Naked City Drama,Crime,Mystery,Film Noir Barry Fitzgerald and Howard Duff
Oliver TwistAdventure,Drama,CrimeRobert Newton and Alec Guinness
Oliver Twist Adventure,Drama,Crime Robert Newton and Alec Guinness
Red RiverAction,Adventure,WesternJohn Wayne and Montgomery Cliff
Red River Action,Adventure,Western John Wayne and Montgomery Cliff
The Red ShoesDrama,Romance,MusicVictoria Page
The Red Shoes Drama,Romance,Music Victoria Page
The Snake PitDramaOlivia DeHaviland and Mark Stevens
The Snake Pit Drama Olivia DeHaviland and Mark Stevens
Sorry, Wrong NumberDrama,Thriller,Film NoirBarbara Stanwyck and Burt Lancaster
Sorry, Wrong Number Drama,Thriller,Film Noir Barbara Stanwyck and Burt Lancaster

Vintage Movie Posters - Set 3 from wikipedia.org

Click thumbnail to view full-size
The Fallen IdolDrama,ThrillerRalph Richardson and Gerard HeinzThe Three Musketeers (1948)Action,Adventure,Drama,RomanceLana Turner and Gene KellyUnfaithfully YoursComedyRex Harrison and Linda DarnellWords and MusicBiography,Comedy,MusicJune Allison and Perry Como
The Fallen IdolDrama,ThrillerRalph Richardson and Gerard Heinz
The Fallen Idol Drama,Thriller Ralph Richardson and Gerard Heinz
The Three Musketeers (1948)Action,Adventure,Drama,RomanceLana Turner and Gene Kelly
The Three Musketeers (1948) Action,Adventure,Drama,Romance Lana Turner and Gene Kelly
Unfaithfully YoursComedyRex Harrison and Linda Darnell
Unfaithfully Yours Comedy Rex Harrison and Linda Darnell
Words and MusicBiography,Comedy,MusicJune Allison and Perry Como
Words and Music Biography,Comedy,Music June Allison and Perry Como

Pulitzer Prize Winners 1948

Award Winning Writers

Pulitzer Prize for Drama: Tennessee Williams, A Streetcar Named Desire

Pulitzer Prize for Fiction: James A. Michener - Tales of the South Pacific

Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: W. H. Auden: The Age of Anxiety

1948 Tennessee Williams file photo - Writing: Plays

Thomas Lanier "Tennessee" Williams III (March 26, 1911  he lived until  February 25, 1983)   This playwright won the Pulitzer Prize for his work in the dramatic play (for screen) Streetcar Named Desire.  Many other notable works written by the author
Thomas Lanier "Tennessee" Williams III (March 26, 1911 he lived until February 25, 1983) This playwright won the Pulitzer Prize for his work in the dramatic play (for screen) Streetcar Named Desire. Many other notable works written by the author

1948 W. H. Auden file photo - Picture courtesy of wikipedia.org

Wystan Hugh Auden    February 21, 1907 – 29 September 1973.   An Anglo-American Poet, born in England.  He moved to the U.S. in 1936 and became a citizen in 1946.  His poem, in six parts "The Age of Anxiety" won the Pulitzer Prize in the category of
Wystan Hugh Auden February 21, 1907 – 29 September 1973. An Anglo-American Poet, born in England. He moved to the U.S. in 1936 and became a citizen in 1946. His poem, in six parts "The Age of Anxiety" won the Pulitzer Prize in the category of

James A Michener file photo - Credit: www.cpvaughn.com (insert pic)

James Albert Michener   February 3, 1907 -  October 16, 1997.  A Novelist (short story writer)Won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction :Tales of the South Pacific (1948)James, never knew who his parents were.  He was raised a Quaker by an adoptive mother
James Albert Michener February 3, 1907 - October 16, 1997. A Novelist (short story writer) Won the Pulitzer Prize for fiction :Tales of the South Pacific (1948) James, never knew who his parents were. He was raised a Quaker by an adoptive mother

1948 In The Black Community

Remember This?

August13,1948 Satchel Paige is the first black pitcher in an American League game: Cleveland Indians (he shuts out Chicago).

October 9,1948 Larry Doby is the first black player to hit a home run in a World Series game.

October 10, 1948 Satchel Paige is the first black pitcher to pitch in a World Series game, he appears in relief and pitches 2/3 of an inning.

Black Baseball Heroes - Unbelievable!

Click thumbnail to view full-size
Lawrence Eugene "Larry" Doby December 13, 19. This baseball great died on June 18, 2003.A player in the Negro Leagues, advancing to the Major Leagues.  This center fielder was the second black player in the Major Leagues  Larry was the first black Leroy "Sachel" Paige was born in Mobile, Alabama in 1906.  Before 1948, there was an unwritten rule against black players entering the major leagues.  With the Negro Leagues folding, under the pressure of  the major leagues abolishing the unwritten r
Lawrence Eugene "Larry" Doby December 13, 19. This baseball great died on June 18, 2003.A player in the Negro Leagues, advancing to the Major Leagues.  This center fielder was the second black player in the Major Leagues  Larry was the first black
Lawrence Eugene "Larry" Doby December 13, 19. This baseball great died on June 18, 2003. A player in the Negro Leagues, advancing to the Major Leagues. This center fielder was the second black player in the Major Leagues Larry was the first black
Leroy "Sachel" Paige was born in Mobile, Alabama in 1906.  Before 1948, there was an unwritten rule against black players entering the major leagues.  With the Negro Leagues folding, under the pressure of  the major leagues abolishing the unwritten r
Leroy "Sachel" Paige was born in Mobile, Alabama in 1906. Before 1948, there was an unwritten rule against black players entering the major leagues. With the Negro Leagues folding, under the pressure of the major leagues abolishing the unwritten r

Sachel Paige - 1948

World Series 1948, Indians vs Braves. A full house and bases are loaded. The rest is History!

Whirlpool - 1st Automatic Wringer-Washer

While Whirlpool introduces

the 1st Automatic Washer with a Wringer. There were table-topped Radios keeping the families informed and playing the radio shows that were most popular for that period. Televisions were relatively new. All were Black and White, with very small screens.

Ready For The Updates? - Appliances

We have come so far. Just dream of something, along the lines of appliances. You can find it as fast and the thought you just had.

When Doo Wop Was New

LP Recording

The jury is still out on who created the 1st Doo Wop song and when it was played. My mother was careful about playing records. They were made of vinyl and were fragile. When dropped, they shattered. These were 78" records.

At the onset of 1948 the 33 1/3 LP was king. They were made of a more flexible vinyl and had smaller needles to make them play. 45's were the smallest and more popular with teens, so I heard. Because they could skip buying lunch and get that song they heard "spinning" on the radio, just last night.

Young people, almost never think of the quality of sound when they are in the midst of the time at hand. 1948 was no different. So people put up with the scratchy needle on the record or the static, which was ignored. The beat, the melody and the way the music , either made them snuggle up to someone or break out in a frenzied dance move, was all that mattered to them.

It has been said that the Orioles had the first Doo Wop Hit, in 1948 "It's Too Soon To Know". Although the term 'doo wop' didn't officially become common until 1956 (I was nine years old, by then).

Music for the Memories - Doo Wop

You can't get those songs out of your head. Go ahead, they make great gifts for friends or family, too.

Children's Games of 1948

How Many Did You Play

Remember what was fun, parlor games and board games. Let's take time to remember what some of those games were. There was nothing like the electric games of today to hold us captive for hours. But we did manage to have some fun.

Girls loved their dolls, from the fancy dancy, dressed up with long gown dolls to paper dolls. Hard plastic heads and arms, with stuffed bodies. Or hard plastic all the way down the body.

The paper dolls could come from cartoons, to movie characters or actresses, or even the look of the Armed Services. We loved our dolls and tried to take them everywhere with us.

Boys loved their train sets and how many cars they got each year to add to the last set. Sometimes they would get another engine, because they wore out the first one. Trains were not cheap, even in those days.

I hear you can pick one one on eBay, if you're lucky.

Games - Children Loved These

Click thumbnail to view full-size
CootieA tabletop game for 4 children to play together.  Forming bodies out of plastic body parts.By Milton BradleyThis was a typical dress for a doll in 1948.  Yes, there were baby dolls.  They came with a cloth diaper and a whole in their mouth to either suck their thumb or stick the bottle in.  No real fluid was used, and they hadn't come up with the false liqSince most of the dolls were blonde haired and blue eyed, straight hair was what was the norm.  Features for a doll of Color looked just like she was white with the darkest tan you ever wanted to see.  It would be much later that Ethnic dolls were crEvery girl, no matter who she was wanted to be a fairy princess.  Crowns and fancy jewelry were all the rage.This is a Mary Martin Doll, fashioned like the character in South Pacific.  How nice!When an every day toy would need to be inexpensive, the paper doll was the one to buy.  This Little LuLu doll was easy to dress and to change.  She came in various sets from season-to-season.Who didn't have a Raggedy Ann Doll.  I'm not sure when she was first created.  This one is of 1948 vintage, though.  Later the Raggedy Andy dolls were made.
CootieA tabletop game for 4 children to play together.  Forming bodies out of plastic body parts.By Milton Bradley
Cootie A tabletop game for 4 children to play together. Forming bodies out of plastic body parts. By Milton Bradley
This was a typical dress for a doll in 1948.  Yes, there were baby dolls.  They came with a cloth diaper and a whole in their mouth to either suck their thumb or stick the bottle in.  No real fluid was used, and they hadn't come up with the false liq
This was a typical dress for a doll in 1948. Yes, there were baby dolls. They came with a cloth diaper and a whole in their mouth to either suck their thumb or stick the bottle in. No real fluid was used, and they hadn't come up with the false liq
Since most of the dolls were blonde haired and blue eyed, straight hair was what was the norm.  Features for a doll of Color looked just like she was white with the darkest tan you ever wanted to see.  It would be much later that Ethnic dolls were cr
Since most of the dolls were blonde haired and blue eyed, straight hair was what was the norm. Features for a doll of Color looked just like she was white with the darkest tan you ever wanted to see. It would be much later that Ethnic dolls were cr
Every girl, no matter who she was wanted to be a fairy princess.  Crowns and fancy jewelry were all the rage.
Every girl, no matter who she was wanted to be a fairy princess. Crowns and fancy jewelry were all the rage.
This is a Mary Martin Doll, fashioned like the character in South Pacific.  How nice!
This is a Mary Martin Doll, fashioned like the character in South Pacific. How nice!
When an every day toy would need to be inexpensive, the paper doll was the one to buy.  This Little LuLu doll was easy to dress and to change.  She came in various sets from season-to-season.
When an every day toy would need to be inexpensive, the paper doll was the one to buy. This Little LuLu doll was easy to dress and to change. She came in various sets from season-to-season.
Who didn't have a Raggedy Ann Doll.  I'm not sure when she was first created.  This one is of 1948 vintage, though.  Later the Raggedy Andy dolls were made.
Who didn't have a Raggedy Ann Doll. I'm not sure when she was first created. This one is of 1948 vintage, though. Later the Raggedy Andy dolls were made.

Read For Enjoyment - This Can Enhance Your Lens

Finding good places to assist with lens creation is "all over the place", here at Squidoo. Here are some of the places that have helped me to hone my skills.

Compliments of Kozzi.com
Compliments of Kozzi.com

List My Five

An Excellent Backlink Spot

I like making it possible for my articles to be found . Writing on List My Five is crazy fun and easy. Just choose a subject to list five things about. Describe what you are talking about and add a link. It's that simple.

Here is a link to one of my writings: http://listmyfive.com/the-year-was-born-1948. It comes up in Entertainment and Media. No pictures are required and an honest submission of your own work is all there is to it.

Picture By Kozzi.com

Interesting Links to Find Info or Follow - Featured and Non-Featured Links

To find more information about things I have written, become a part of, or refer people to try.

Tell me what you think of this lens. Many before you have had to leave messages on my Bio Page, as I forgot to add this until now. Sorry!

working

This website uses cookies

As a user in the EEA, your approval is needed on a few things. To provide a better website experience, hubpages.com uses cookies (and other similar technologies) and may collect, process, and share personal data. Please choose which areas of our service you consent to our doing so.

For more information on managing or withdrawing consents and how we handle data, visit our Privacy Policy at: https://corp.maven.io/privacy-policy

Show Details
Necessary
HubPages Device IDThis is used to identify particular browsers or devices when the access the service, and is used for security reasons.
LoginThis is necessary to sign in to the HubPages Service.
Google RecaptchaThis is used to prevent bots and spam. (Privacy Policy)
AkismetThis is used to detect comment spam. (Privacy Policy)
HubPages Google AnalyticsThis is used to provide data on traffic to our website, all personally identifyable data is anonymized. (Privacy Policy)
HubPages Traffic PixelThis is used to collect data on traffic to articles and other pages on our site. Unless you are signed in to a HubPages account, all personally identifiable information is anonymized.
Amazon Web ServicesThis is a cloud services platform that we used to host our service. (Privacy Policy)
CloudflareThis is a cloud CDN service that we use to efficiently deliver files required for our service to operate such as javascript, cascading style sheets, images, and videos. (Privacy Policy)
Google Hosted LibrariesJavascript software libraries such as jQuery are loaded at endpoints on the googleapis.com or gstatic.com domains, for performance and efficiency reasons. (Privacy Policy)
Features
Google Custom SearchThis is feature allows you to search the site. (Privacy Policy)
Google MapsSome articles have Google Maps embedded in them. (Privacy Policy)
Google ChartsThis is used to display charts and graphs on articles and the author center. (Privacy Policy)
Google AdSense Host APIThis service allows you to sign up for or associate a Google AdSense account with HubPages, so that you can earn money from ads on your articles. No data is shared unless you engage with this feature. (Privacy Policy)
Google YouTubeSome articles have YouTube videos embedded in them. (Privacy Policy)
VimeoSome articles have Vimeo videos embedded in them. (Privacy Policy)
PaypalThis is used for a registered author who enrolls in the HubPages Earnings program and requests to be paid via PayPal. No data is shared with Paypal unless you engage with this feature. (Privacy Policy)
Facebook LoginYou can use this to streamline signing up for, or signing in to your Hubpages account. No data is shared with Facebook unless you engage with this feature. (Privacy Policy)
MavenThis supports the Maven widget and search functionality. (Privacy Policy)
Marketing
Google AdSenseThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
Google DoubleClickGoogle provides ad serving technology and runs an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
Index ExchangeThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
SovrnThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
Facebook AdsThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
Amazon Unified Ad MarketplaceThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
AppNexusThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
OpenxThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
Rubicon ProjectThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
TripleLiftThis is an ad network. (Privacy Policy)
Say MediaWe partner with Say Media to deliver ad campaigns on our sites. (Privacy Policy)
Remarketing PixelsWe may use remarketing pixels from advertising networks such as Google AdWords, Bing Ads, and Facebook in order to advertise the HubPages Service to people that have visited our sites.
Conversion Tracking PixelsWe may use conversion tracking pixels from advertising networks such as Google AdWords, Bing Ads, and Facebook in order to identify when an advertisement has successfully resulted in the desired action, such as signing up for the HubPages Service or publishing an article on the HubPages Service.
Statistics
Author Google AnalyticsThis is used to provide traffic data and reports to the authors of articles on the HubPages Service. (Privacy Policy)
ComscoreComScore is a media measurement and analytics company providing marketing data and analytics to enterprises, media and advertising agencies, and publishers. Non-consent will result in ComScore only processing obfuscated personal data. (Privacy Policy)
Amazon Tracking PixelSome articles display amazon products as part of the Amazon Affiliate program, this pixel provides traffic statistics for those products (Privacy Policy)
ClickscoThis is a data management platform studying reader behavior (Privacy Policy)